One of the suggestions proposed by all the panels, including by a group of ministers led by then Home Minister Lal Krishna Advani, was to carve out a post of chief of defense staff (CDS) - a five-star general - to supervise all the three services, to ensure coordination and their integration. All of them identified many fault lines in the Indian security system, including the lack of coordination between the army, the air force and the navy, coupled with a colossal intelligence failure. They ranged from from the Kargil Review Committee led by noted strategic expert Krishnaswamy Subrahmanyam to the 14-member task force chaired by former Cabinet Secretary Naresh Chandra. Soon after fighting the war in Kargil region of Jammu and Kashmir in 1999 several panels were formed.
As India recently appointed its first commander-in-chief - a single point authority to head all the three defense services - the powers of the post have been curtailed sufficiently to avoid the possibility of any military take over and to ensure civilian supremacy.
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